A reader of my blog has written to me with an update about a case 
that I referred to her for her expert help some time ago. The appeal 
against draconian sanctions that she helped our mutual contact to 
conduct was successful, with the judge ruling that the ‘conditionality’ 
imposed on a jobseeker was unreasonable – and that the benefit sanction 
(immediate stoppage) used to punish the supposed miscreant was therefore
 unlawful.
But the Tory-led government is so single-minded in its determination to penalise benefit claimants for failing to find jobs that don’t exist
 that it is knowingly ignoring the judicial ruling and the precedent it 
sets, in order to continue what can only rightly be called persecution 
of the disadvantaged and vulnerable.
Here’s what she wrote to me:
I am a keen follower of your blog and thought you may be interested in this story…
I
 have recently helped a Jobseeker (I’ll call him John) to win an appeal 
at the First Tier Tribunal after his benefit was stopped for allegedly 
failing to ‘actively seek’ work.
About me
I
 am a semi-retired business woman and I initially got involved in 
helping benefit claimants due to the significant and negative impacts of
 the new Welfare reforms on some of my family and friends.  My deep 
concern led to offering my services as a volunteer at the CAB and now as
 a ‘Welfare Champion’ on a part-time basis.  I do this work mainly on a 
private basis and receive referrals from various sources.  I could not 
cope with lots of readers contacting me (I am easily traceable), so for 
this reason I will refer to myself as ‘Mary’.
About John
John
 has worked from the age of 15 and for over 24 years with a few short 
breaks, so no-one could ever describe him as a “skiver” or a “shirker”. 
 However, due to the economic downturn he found himself unemployed for 
longer than expected and could no longer afford to run his car; 
regretfully he has had to turn down a number of job offers due to the 
lack of transport.
At
 the beginning of 2013 a new Jobseeker Agreement was imposed on John; 
it required him to take at least 14 steps to look for work – it 
previously stated 3 as per the current legislation.  It also required 
him to seek work on-line 7 days per week and to register with the DWP 
Universal Jobmatch site, which incidentally is not mandatory, nor is it a
 condition for receiving Jobseeker’s Allowance despite what Jobcentre 
Advisers might tell claimants.
Jobcentre errors in law and procedure!
John
 took 10 strong steps, which included applying for 4-5 jobs to help him 
secure employment each week during the period in doubt, but the 
Jobcentre thought this was not good enough and his benefit was stopped 
for 4 weeks!  From my experience unless a claimant fulfils every detail 
of their agreement the majority will be sanctioned.  This is wrong, 
both legally as well as procedurally!   In this particular case I 
uncovered numerous procedural, policy as well as legal mistakes.
The impact of Jobcentre mistakes!
John
 was completely stunned and bewildered by the sanction; the impact was 
immediate and significant.  He had no money and was unable to source a 
food parcel or any assistance from Social Services, so he was completely
 destitute for 2 weeks.  
The
 regulations do not allow access to an immediate hardship payment if you
 are not in a vulnerable group I.e., you are sick or, have dependent 
children.  The hardship payment he received after 2 weeks was £43.02pw 
(his usual payment is £71.70pw) for the remainder of the sanction 
period. He was already struggling financially and feeling low due to 
being unemployed for over a year and Christmas was on the horizon.  
Those feelings darkened and he felt suicidal at times, due to his 
mistreatment by Jobcentre Plus.  He could not pay his bills or afford to
 eat properly and he certainly could not afford to buy his children 
any Christmas gifts. 
And,
 to this day he has still not recovered from the loss of his benefits 
(his arrears are pending).  The sanction has not made him any more 
motivated than he was previously; it has just made him very angry and 
mistrustful of Jobcentre Staff, hence the reason he was keen to help 
others by sharing this story.
Sanctions are only used 'as a last resort'!
 
The
 government keeps claiming sanctions are only applied as last resort and
 if a Jobseeker wilfully does not to keep to their side of the bargain 
(the Jobseeker’s Agreement).  This certainly is not true in John’s case,
 so what is the real reason for the sanction….performance expectations 
(targets to you or I), reducing the unemployment count, saving money or 
all 3?   
 
Jobseekers are being set up to fail by Jobcentre Plus!
 
An ex DWP employee has confirmed:
 
“But
 the truth is that benefit claimants are being deliberately set up to 
fail in order to achieve sanction quotas without regard for natural 
justice or their welfare. Staff are being asked to behave in a manner that is against the department’s values of integrity and honesty.”  
 
 
Suspected
 criminals are treated more fairly in this country than the sick and the
 unemployed; they are innocent until found guilty, receive swift and 
free legal assistance, a bed, food, water and a roof over their heads.
 
 
A
 speeding ticket is £60 to people who can generally afford to run a car 
and the offender is given time to challenge the penalty before it is imposed.
 
What does the law – the Jobseeker’ Act actually say….
The duty to actively seek work is not to be found in the job seekers agreement but in S7 of the jobseeker’s Act. S7(1), which provides:
 
“a
 person is actively seeking work if he takes in that week such steps as 
he could reasonably be expected to have to take in order to have the 
best prospects of securing employment.”
 
More detail is set out in regulation 18 of the Regulations. Regulation 18(1) provides that:
“… a person shall be expected to have to take more than two steps in any week unless taking one or two steps is all that is reasonable for that person to do in that week.”
 
Mr Commissioner Williams held at para 10 & 14 of CJSA/1814/2007 (case law)
 
“That is illustrated by this appeal. C
 was required by his Agreement to take 6 steps each week and several 
other steps from time to time. That is clearly more steps than the 
regulation requires of him to meet the test of “actively seeking work”. And
 it is more steps than the Agreement asked him to record. On the facts, 
the secretary of state’s representative now accepts that C took four 
steps in the week and that those four steps met the test in section 
7(1).” 
 
“Further,
 there is nothing in the Act or the Regulations requiring that a 
claimant must comply with everything in the Agreement. The reverse is 
the case. Theagreement must comply with the law.
 To be valid, a jobseeker’s agreement must comply “with the prescribed 
regulations in force”: section 9(1) of the Act. The pattern of the 
legislation is that a jobseeker’s agreement must comply with the test of
 actively seeking work in sections 1(2)(c) and 7 of the Act and 
regulation 18 of the Regulations and not the other way round.”
 
The Outcome of this case – Success!
Using
 this piece of case law the appeal was allowed, because the judge 
determined John (the appellant) was actively seeking work as per section
 7 of the Jobseeker’ Act 1995 and he took significantly more than 2 steps to in order to have the best prospects of seeking work (Reg. 18 JSA Regs 1996)!
What does this outcome mean?
 
This
 result confirms that Jobseeker Allowance claimants are unwittingly 
agreeing to unreasonable, thus unlawful Jobseeker Agreements (soon to 
become JSA Claimant Commitments) and, as a result 1000s are being 
sanctioned unfairly.
 
However,
 this achievement is a hollow victory for the thousands of Jobseekers 
expected to comply with their Jobseeker’s Agreements.
 
This
 Tribunal ruling does not set a precedent for DWP to follow. As far as 
DWP are concerned “it will be business as usual”.  DWP’s position will 
remain that if an individual claimant wishes to challenge their 
Jobseekers Agreements on the basis of this Tribunal ruling they will 
have to jump through all the various hoops.  Most will decide it is not 
worth their while and I know from my own experiences how difficult it 
can be.  Further, the claimant must have the capacity to do so (many 
claimants are vulnerable) and they must also know that their Jobseekers 
Agreement is unlawful. The majority will not and as for the handful of 
claimants that do, DWP will cope with these people.
What we appear to be dealing with here is, maladministration by the DWP on a grand scale affecting 1000s of individuals. 
 
What can people do?
 
I would strongly urge those who have been affected to get in touch with their MP to raise this important issue. 
 
And, you must appeal.
 
  
Read the recent news reports about unfair sanctions….
“70,000 job seekers’ benefits withdrawn unfairly, says think-tank”
 
I believe it is significantly higher.
 
And:
Rising
 rates of successful appeals have been seen as a sign that the system 
for penalising those deemed to have broken job-seeker agreements is 
flawed.
Regards
Mary
...
This is absolutely vital information. Any jobseeker who can 
demonstrate that s/he has taken more than 2 ‘reasonable steps’ a week 
(or fewer if it is not reasonable to expect them to do that many) to 
find work has complied with the law. A jobseeker’s ‘agreement’ 
or JSA ‘claimant commitment’ is a fluid plan and is supposed to guide a 
claimant into work. If it imposes excessive and unreasonable steps for a
 claimant’s particular circumstances, it is unenforceable, as John’s 
case clearly demonstrates. According to the law, ‘excessive’ means more 
than 3 and any sanctions imposed for not meeting additional conditions 
is not legally valid. Any claimant sanctioned for failing to meet such 
an illegal requirement has a right to have it overturned on appeal.
And the scale of this is enormous.
‘Mary’ is right that the numbers stated for people sanctioned are vastly understated in the sources she quotes. 818,000 people had been sanctioned by late Feb 2014, just since the end of 2012.
But the DWP doesn’t care. It relies on the fact that only about 2% of
 people sanctioned formally appeal to get away with breaking the law 98%
 of the time – and on ignorance to keep it that way.
This government will never be shamed into changing its treatment of 
unemployed, disabled and otherwise disadvantaged people – it thinks it 
has found a formula to make its actions popular: the demonising of the 
vulnerable.
If it won’t be shamed, it must be removed – and that means 
relentlessly spreading the word on this and its many other misdeeds so 
that the election in 2015 becomes unwinnable for these shameless 
criminals. Please help to do so – publicise this, write to your MP and write to the press until they pay attention.
And if you’ve been sanctioned for failing to comply with an unlawful 
sanction – appeal, appeal, appeal and seek publicity for your appeal 
until the scale of the illegality can’t be ignored.